Nibbles

Struct Nibbles 

#[repr(C)]
pub struct Nibbles { /* private fields */ }
Available on crate feature trie only.
Expand description

Structure representing a sequence of nibbles.

A nibble is a 4-bit value, and this structure is used to store the nibble sequence representing the keys in a Merkle Patricia Trie (MPT). Using nibbles simplifies trie operations and enables consistent key representation in the MPT.

§Internal representation

The internal representation is currently a U256 that stores two nibbles per byte. Nibbles are stored inline (on the stack), and can be up to a length of 64 nibbles, or 32 unpacked bytes.

Additionally, a separate length field is stored to track the actual length of the nibble sequence. When the U256 is modified directly, the length field must be updated accordingly. Otherwise, the behavior is undefined.

Nibbles are stored with most significant bits set first, meaning that a nibble sequence 0x101 will be stored as 0x101...0, and not 0x0...101.

§Examples

use nybbles::Nibbles;

let bytes = [0xAB, 0xCD];
let nibbles = Nibbles::unpack(&bytes);
assert_eq!(nibbles, Nibbles::from_nibbles(&[0x0A, 0x0B, 0x0C, 0x0D]));
assert_eq!(nibbles.to_vec(), vec![0x0A, 0x0B, 0x0C, 0x0D]);

let packed = nibbles.pack();
assert_eq!(&packed[..], &bytes[..]);

Implementations§

§

impl Nibbles

pub const fn new() -> Nibbles

Creates a new empty Nibbles instance.

§Examples
let nibbles = Nibbles::new();
assert_eq!(nibbles.len(), 0);

pub fn from_iter_unchecked<I>(iter: I) -> Nibbles
where I: IntoIterator<Item = u8>,

Creates a new Nibbles instance from the given iterator over nibbles, without checking their validity.

Note that only the low nibble of every byte will be stored as a nibble, i.e. for 0x12 we will store a nibble 2.

For checked version, use the FromIterator implementation.

§Examples
let nibbles = Nibbles::from_iter_unchecked([0x0A, 0x0B, 0x0C, 0x0D]);
assert_eq!(nibbles.to_vec(), vec![0x0A, 0x0B, 0x0C, 0x0D]);

pub fn from_nibbles<T>(nibbles: T) -> Nibbles
where T: AsRef<[u8]>,

Creates a new Nibbles instance from the given nibbles.

§Panics

Panics if the any of the bytes is not a valid nibble (0..=0x0f).

§Examples
let nibbles = Nibbles::from_nibbles(&[0x0A, 0x0B, 0x0C, 0x0D]);
assert_eq!(nibbles.to_vec(), vec![0x0A, 0x0B, 0x0C, 0x0D]);

Invalid values will cause panics:

let nibbles = Nibbles::from_nibbles(&[0xFF]);

pub fn from_nibbles_unchecked<T>(nibbles: T) -> Nibbles
where T: AsRef<[u8]>,

Creates a new Nibbles instance from the given nibbles.

Note that only the low nibble of every byte will be stored as a nibble, i.e. for 0x12 we will store a nibble 2.

For checked version, use Nibbles::from_nibbles.

§Examples
let nibbles = Nibbles::from_nibbles_unchecked(&[0x0A, 0x0B, 0x0C, 0x0D]);
assert_eq!(nibbles.to_vec(), vec![0x0A, 0x0B, 0x0C, 0x0D]);

Invalid values will not cause panics:

let nibbles = Nibbles::from_nibbles_unchecked(&[0xFF]);
assert_eq!(nibbles.to_vec(), vec![0x0F]);

pub fn unpack(data: impl AsRef<[u8]>) -> Nibbles

Converts a byte slice into a Nibbles instance containing the nibbles (half-bytes or 4 bits) that make up the input byte data.

§Panics

Panics if the length of the input is greater than 32 bytes.

§Examples
let nibbles = Nibbles::unpack(&[0xAB, 0xCD]);
assert_eq!(nibbles.to_vec(), vec![0x0A, 0x0B, 0x0C, 0x0D]);
let nibbles = Nibbles::unpack(&[0xAB; 33]);

pub unsafe fn unpack_unchecked(data: &[u8]) -> Nibbles

Converts a byte slice into a Nibbles instance containing the nibbles (half-bytes or 4 bits) that make up the input byte data.

§Safety

The caller must ensure that the length of the input is less than or equal to the size of U256, which is 32 bytes.

§Examples
// SAFETY: the length of the input is less than 32 bytes.
let nibbles = unsafe { Nibbles::unpack_unchecked(&[0xAB, 0xCD]) };
assert_eq!(nibbles.to_vec(), vec![0x0A, 0x0B, 0x0C, 0x0D]);

pub fn pack(&self) -> SmallVec<[u8; 32]>

Packs the nibbles into the given slice.

This method combines each pair of consecutive nibbles into a single byte, effectively reducing the size of the data by a factor of two.

If the number of nibbles is odd, the last nibble is shifted left by 4 bits and added to the packed byte vector.

§Examples
let nibbles = Nibbles::from_nibbles(&[0x0A, 0x0B, 0x0C]);
assert_eq!(nibbles.pack()[..], [0xAB, 0xC0]);

pub fn pack_to(&self, out: &mut [u8])

Packs the nibbles into the given slice.

See pack for more information.

§Panics

Panics if the slice is not at least (self.len() + 1) / 2 bytes long.

§Examples
let nibbles = Nibbles::from_nibbles(&[0x0A, 0x0B, 0x0C]);
let mut packed = [0; 2];
nibbles.pack_to(&mut packed);
assert_eq!(packed[..], [0xAB, 0xC0]);

pub unsafe fn pack_to_unchecked(&self, ptr: *mut u8)

Packs the nibbles into the given pointer.

See pack for more information.

§Safety

ptr must be valid for at least (self.len() + 1) / 2 bytes.

§Examples
let nibbles = Nibbles::from_nibbles(&[0x0A, 0x0B, 0x0C, 0x0D]);
let mut packed = [0; 2];
// SAFETY: enough capacity.
unsafe { nibbles.pack_to_unchecked(packed.as_mut_ptr()) };
assert_eq!(packed[..], [0xAB, 0xCD]);

pub unsafe fn pack_to_slice_unchecked(&self, out: &mut [MaybeUninit<u8>])

Packs the nibbles into the given slice without checking its length.

See pack for more information.

§Safety

out must be valid for at least (self.len() + 1) / 2 bytes.

pub fn to_vec(&self) -> Vec<u8>

Converts the nibbles into a vector of nibbles.

§Examples
let nibbles = Nibbles::from_nibbles(&[0x0A, 0x0B, 0x0C, 0x0D]);
assert_eq!(nibbles.to_vec(), vec![0x0A, 0x0B, 0x0C, 0x0D]);

pub const fn iter(&self) -> NibblesIter<'_>

Returns an iterator over the nibbles.

§Examples
let nibbles = Nibbles::from_nibbles(&[0x0A, 0x0B, 0x0C, 0x0D]);
let collected: Vec<u8> = nibbles.iter().collect();
assert_eq!(collected, vec![0x0A, 0x0B, 0x0C, 0x0D]);

pub fn get_byte(&self, i: usize) -> Option<u8>

Gets the byte at the given index by combining two consecutive nibbles.

§Examples
let nibbles = Nibbles::from_nibbles(&[0x0A, 0x0B, 0x0C, 0x0D]);
assert_eq!(nibbles.get_byte(0), Some(0xAB));
assert_eq!(nibbles.get_byte(1), Some(0xBC));
assert_eq!(nibbles.get_byte(2), Some(0xCD));
assert_eq!(nibbles.get_byte(3), None);

pub fn get_byte_unchecked(&self, i: usize) -> u8

Gets the byte at the given index by combining two consecutive nibbles.

§Panics

Panics if i..i + 1 is out of bounds.

§Examples
let nibbles = Nibbles::from_nibbles(&[0x0A, 0x0B, 0x0C, 0x0D]);
// SAFETY: in range.
unsafe {
    assert_eq!(nibbles.get_byte_unchecked(0), 0xAB);
    assert_eq!(nibbles.get_byte_unchecked(1), 0xBC);
    assert_eq!(nibbles.get_byte_unchecked(2), 0xCD);
}

pub fn increment(&self) -> Option<Nibbles>

Increments the nibble sequence by one.

pub fn is_leaf(&self) -> bool

The last element of the hex vector is used to determine whether the nibble sequence represents a leaf or an extension node. If the last element is 0x10 (16), then it’s a leaf.

pub fn starts_with(&self, other: &Nibbles) -> bool

Returns true if this nibble sequence starts with the given prefix.

pub fn ends_with(&self, other: &Nibbles) -> bool

Returns true if this nibble sequence ends with the given suffix.

pub fn get(&self, i: usize) -> Option<u8>

Returns the nibble at the given index.

pub fn get_unchecked(&self, i: usize) -> u8

Returns the nibble at the given index.

§Panics

Panics if the index is out of bounds.

pub fn set_at(&mut self, i: usize, value: u8)

Sets the nibble at the given index.

§Panics

Panics if the index is out of bounds, or if value is not a valid nibble (0..=0x0f).

pub unsafe fn set_at_unchecked(&mut self, i: usize, value: u8)

Sets the nibble at the given index, without checking its validity.

§Safety

The caller must ensure that the index is within bounds.

pub fn first(&self) -> Option<u8>

Returns the first nibble of this nibble sequence.

pub fn last(&self) -> Option<u8>

Returns the last nibble of this nibble sequence.

pub fn common_prefix_length(&self, other: &Nibbles) -> usize

Returns the length of the common prefix between this nibble sequence and the given.

§Examples
let a = Nibbles::from_nibbles(&[0x0A, 0x0B, 0x0C, 0x0D, 0x0E, 0x0F]);
let b = Nibbles::from_nibbles(&[0x0A, 0x0B, 0x0C, 0x0E]);
assert_eq!(a.common_prefix_length(&b), 3);

pub const fn is_empty(&self) -> bool

Returns true if this Nibbles is empty.

pub const fn len(&self) -> usize

Returns the total number of nibbles in this Nibbles.

pub fn as_mut_uint_unchecked(&mut self) -> &mut Uint<256, 4>

Returns a mutable reference to the underlying U256.

Note that it is possible to create invalid Nibbles instances using this method. See the type docs for more details.

pub fn slice_unchecked(&self, start: usize, end: usize) -> Nibbles

Creates new nibbles containing the nibbles in the specified range [start, end) without checking bounds.

§Safety

This method does not verify that the provided range is valid for this nibble sequence. The caller must ensure that start <= end and end <= self.len().

pub fn slice(&self, range: impl RangeBounds<usize>) -> Nibbles

Creates new nibbles containing the nibbles in the specified range.

§Panics

This method will panic if the range is out of bounds for this nibble sequence.

pub fn join(&self, other: &Nibbles) -> Nibbles

Join two nibble sequences together.

pub fn push(&mut self, nibble: u8)

Pushes a nibble to the end of the current nibbles.

§Panics

Panics if the nibble is not a valid nibble (0..=0x0f).

pub fn push_unchecked(&mut self, nibble: u8)

Pushes a nibble to the end of the current nibbles without checking its validity.

Note that only the low nibble of the byte is used. For example, for byte 0x12, only the nibble 0x2 is pushed.

pub fn pop(&mut self) -> Option<u8>

Pops a nibble from the end of the current nibbles.

pub fn extend(&mut self, other: &Nibbles)

Extend the current nibbles with another nibbles.

pub fn extend_from_slice(&mut self, other: &[u8])

Extend the current nibbles with another byte slice.

pub fn extend_from_slice_unchecked(&mut self, other: &[u8])

Extend the current nibbles with another byte slice.

§Caution

This method does not check if the resulting length would exceed the maximum capacity of Nibbles.

pub fn truncate(&mut self, new_len: usize)

Truncates the current nibbles to the given length.

pub fn clear(&mut self)

Clears the current nibbles.

Trait Implementations§

§

impl<'a> Arbitrary<'a> for Nibbles

§

fn arbitrary(u: &mut Unstructured<'a>) -> Result<Nibbles, Error>

Generate an arbitrary value of Self from the given unstructured data. Read more
§

fn arbitrary_take_rest(u: Unstructured<'a>) -> Result<Self, Error>

Generate an arbitrary value of Self from the entirety of the given unstructured data. Read more
§

fn size_hint(depth: usize) -> (usize, Option<usize>)

Get a size hint for how many bytes out of an Unstructured this type needs to construct itself. Read more
§

fn try_size_hint( depth: usize, ) -> Result<(usize, Option<usize>), MaxRecursionReached>

Get a size hint for how many bytes out of an Unstructured this type needs to construct itself. Read more
§

impl Arbitrary for Nibbles

§

type Parameters = SizeRange

The type of parameters that arbitrary_with accepts for configuration of the generated Strategy. Parameters must implement Default.
§

type Strategy = Map<VecStrategy<RangeInclusive<u8>>, fn(Vec<u8>) -> Nibbles>

The type of Strategy used to generate values of type Self.
§

fn arbitrary_with(size: SizeRange) -> <Nibbles as Arbitrary>::Strategy

Generates a Strategy for producing arbitrary values of type the implementing type (Self). The strategy is passed the arguments given in args. Read more
§

fn arbitrary() -> Self::Strategy

Generates a Strategy for producing arbitrary values of type the implementing type (Self). Read more
§

impl Clone for Nibbles

§

fn clone(&self) -> Nibbles

Returns a duplicate of the value. Read more
1.0.0 · Source§

fn clone_from(&mut self, source: &Self)

Performs copy-assignment from source. Read more
§

impl Debug for Nibbles

§

fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result<(), Error>

Formats the value using the given formatter. Read more
§

impl Default for Nibbles

§

fn default() -> Nibbles

Returns the “default value” for a type. Read more
§

impl<'de> Deserialize<'de> for Nibbles

§

fn deserialize<__D>( __deserializer: __D, ) -> Result<Nibbles, <__D as Deserializer<'de>>::Error>
where __D: Deserializer<'de>,

Deserialize this value from the given Serde deserializer. Read more
§

impl Encodable for Nibbles

§

fn encode(&self, out: &mut dyn BufMut)

Encodes the type into the out buffer.
§

fn length(&self) -> usize

Returns the length of the encoding of this type in bytes. Read more
§

impl From<Nibbles> for StoredNibbles

§

fn from(value: Nibbles) -> StoredNibbles

Converts to this type from the input type.
§

impl From<Nibbles> for StoredNibblesSubKey

§

fn from(value: Nibbles) -> StoredNibblesSubKey

Converts to this type from the input type.
§

impl From<StoredNibblesSubKey> for Nibbles

§

fn from(value: StoredNibblesSubKey) -> Nibbles

Converts to this type from the input type.
§

impl FromIterator<Nibbles> for DecodedProofRetainer

§

fn from_iter<T>(iter: T) -> DecodedProofRetainer
where T: IntoIterator<Item = Nibbles>,

Creates a value from an iterator. Read more
§

impl FromIterator<Nibbles> for ProofRetainer

§

fn from_iter<T>(iter: T) -> ProofRetainer
where T: IntoIterator<Item = Nibbles>,

Creates a value from an iterator. Read more
§

impl FromIterator<u8> for Nibbles

§

fn from_iter<T>(iter: T) -> Nibbles
where T: IntoIterator<Item = u8>,

Creates a value from an iterator. Read more
§

impl Hash for Nibbles

§

fn hash<__H>(&self, state: &mut __H)
where __H: Hasher,

Feeds this value into the given Hasher. Read more
1.3.0 · Source§

fn hash_slice<H>(data: &[Self], state: &mut H)
where H: Hasher, Self: Sized,

Feeds a slice of this type into the given Hasher. Read more
§

impl Ord for Nibbles

§

fn cmp(&self, other: &Nibbles) -> Ordering

This method returns an Ordering between self and other. Read more
1.21.0 · Source§

fn max(self, other: Self) -> Self
where Self: Sized,

Compares and returns the maximum of two values. Read more
1.21.0 · Source§

fn min(self, other: Self) -> Self
where Self: Sized,

Compares and returns the minimum of two values. Read more
1.50.0 · Source§

fn clamp(self, min: Self, max: Self) -> Self
where Self: Sized,

Restrict a value to a certain interval. Read more
§

impl PartialEq for Nibbles

§

fn eq(&self, other: &Nibbles) -> bool

Tests for self and other values to be equal, and is used by ==.
1.0.0 · Source§

fn ne(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

Tests for !=. The default implementation is almost always sufficient, and should not be overridden without very good reason.
§

impl PartialOrd for Nibbles

§

fn partial_cmp(&self, other: &Nibbles) -> Option<Ordering>

This method returns an ordering between self and other values if one exists. Read more
1.0.0 · Source§

fn lt(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

Tests less than (for self and other) and is used by the < operator. Read more
1.0.0 · Source§

fn le(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

Tests less than or equal to (for self and other) and is used by the <= operator. Read more
1.0.0 · Source§

fn gt(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

Tests greater than (for self and other) and is used by the > operator. Read more
1.0.0 · Source§

fn ge(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

Tests greater than or equal to (for self and other) and is used by the >= operator. Read more
§

impl Serialize for Nibbles

§

fn serialize<__S>( &self, __serializer: __S, ) -> Result<<__S as Serializer>::Ok, <__S as Serializer>::Error>
where __S: Serializer,

Serialize this value into the given Serde serializer. Read more
§

impl Copy for Nibbles

§

impl Eq for Nibbles

§

impl StructuralPartialEq for Nibbles

Auto Trait Implementations§

Blanket Implementations§

Source§

impl<T> Any for T
where T: 'static + ?Sized,

Source§

fn type_id(&self) -> TypeId

Gets the TypeId of self. Read more
Source§

impl<T> Borrow<T> for T
where T: ?Sized,

Source§

fn borrow(&self) -> &T

Immutably borrows from an owned value. Read more
Source§

impl<T> BorrowMut<T> for T
where T: ?Sized,

Source§

fn borrow_mut(&mut self) -> &mut T

Mutably borrows from an owned value. Read more
Source§

impl<T> CloneToUninit for T
where T: Clone,

Source§

unsafe fn clone_to_uninit(&self, dest: *mut u8)

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (clone_to_uninit #126799)
Performs copy-assignment from self to dest. Read more
§

impl<Q, K> Comparable<K> for Q
where Q: Ord + ?Sized, K: Borrow<Q> + ?Sized,

§

fn compare(&self, key: &K) -> Ordering

Compare self to key and return their ordering.
§

impl<T> Conv for T

§

fn conv<T>(self) -> T
where Self: Into<T>,

Converts self into T using Into<T>. Read more
Source§

impl<T> DynClone for T
where T: Clone,

Source§

fn __clone_box(&self, _: Private) -> *mut ()

§

impl<Q, K> Equivalent<K> for Q
where Q: Eq + ?Sized, K: Borrow<Q> + ?Sized,

§

fn equivalent(&self, key: &K) -> bool

Compare self to key and return true if they are equal.
§

impl<Q, K> Equivalent<K> for Q
where Q: Eq + ?Sized, K: Borrow<Q> + ?Sized,

§

fn equivalent(&self, key: &K) -> bool

Checks if this value is equivalent to the given key. Read more
§

impl<Q, K> Equivalent<K> for Q
where Q: Eq + ?Sized, K: Borrow<Q> + ?Sized,

§

fn equivalent(&self, key: &K) -> bool

Checks if this value is equivalent to the given key. Read more
§

impl<T> FmtForward for T

§

fn fmt_binary(self) -> FmtBinary<Self>
where Self: Binary,

Causes self to use its Binary implementation when Debug-formatted.
§

fn fmt_display(self) -> FmtDisplay<Self>
where Self: Display,

Causes self to use its Display implementation when Debug-formatted.
§

fn fmt_lower_exp(self) -> FmtLowerExp<Self>
where Self: LowerExp,

Causes self to use its LowerExp implementation when Debug-formatted.
§

fn fmt_lower_hex(self) -> FmtLowerHex<Self>
where Self: LowerHex,

Causes self to use its LowerHex implementation when Debug-formatted.
§

fn fmt_octal(self) -> FmtOctal<Self>
where Self: Octal,

Causes self to use its Octal implementation when Debug-formatted.
§

fn fmt_pointer(self) -> FmtPointer<Self>
where Self: Pointer,

Causes self to use its Pointer implementation when Debug-formatted.
§

fn fmt_upper_exp(self) -> FmtUpperExp<Self>
where Self: UpperExp,

Causes self to use its UpperExp implementation when Debug-formatted.
§

fn fmt_upper_hex(self) -> FmtUpperHex<Self>
where Self: UpperHex,

Causes self to use its UpperHex implementation when Debug-formatted.
§

fn fmt_list(self) -> FmtList<Self>
where &'a Self: for<'a> IntoIterator,

Formats each item in a sequence. Read more
Source§

impl<T> From<T> for T

Source§

fn from(t: T) -> T

Returns the argument unchanged.

§

impl<TxEnv, T> FromRecoveredTx<&T> for TxEnv
where TxEnv: FromRecoveredTx<T>,

§

fn from_recovered_tx(tx: &&T, sender: Address) -> TxEnv

Builds a TxEnv from a transaction and a sender address.
§

impl<TxEnv, T> FromTxWithEncoded<&T> for TxEnv
where TxEnv: FromTxWithEncoded<T>,

§

fn from_encoded_tx(tx: &&T, sender: Address, encoded: Bytes) -> TxEnv

Builds a TxEnv from a transaction, its sender, and encoded transaction bytes.
§

impl<T> Instrument for T

§

fn instrument(self, span: Span) -> Instrumented<Self>

Instruments this type with the provided [Span], returning an Instrumented wrapper. Read more
§

fn in_current_span(self) -> Instrumented<Self>

Instruments this type with the current Span, returning an Instrumented wrapper. Read more
Source§

impl<T> Instrument for T

Source§

fn instrument(self, span: Span) -> Instrumented<Self>

Instruments this type with the provided Span, returning an Instrumented wrapper. Read more
Source§

fn in_current_span(self) -> Instrumented<Self>

Instruments this type with the current Span, returning an Instrumented wrapper. Read more
Source§

impl<T, U> Into<U> for T
where U: From<T>,

Source§

fn into(self) -> U

Calls U::from(self).

That is, this conversion is whatever the implementation of From<T> for U chooses to do.

Source§

impl<T> IntoEither for T

Source§

fn into_either(self, into_left: bool) -> Either<Self, Self>

Converts self into a Left variant of Either<Self, Self> if into_left is true. Converts self into a Right variant of Either<Self, Self> otherwise. Read more
Source§

fn into_either_with<F>(self, into_left: F) -> Either<Self, Self>
where F: FnOnce(&Self) -> bool,

Converts self into a Left variant of Either<Self, Self> if into_left(&self) returns true. Converts self into a Right variant of Either<Self, Self> otherwise. Read more
§

impl<T> Paint for T
where T: ?Sized,

§

fn fg(&self, value: Color) -> Painted<&T>

Returns a styled value derived from self with the foreground set to value.

This method should be used rarely. Instead, prefer to use color-specific builder methods like red() and green(), which have the same functionality but are pithier.

§Example

Set foreground color to white using fg():

use yansi::{Paint, Color};

painted.fg(Color::White);

Set foreground color to white using white().

use yansi::Paint;

painted.white();
§

fn primary(&self) -> Painted<&T>

Returns self with the fg() set to [Color :: Primary].

§Example
println!("{}", value.primary());
§

fn fixed(&self, color: u8) -> Painted<&T>

Returns self with the fg() set to [Color :: Fixed].

§Example
println!("{}", value.fixed(color));
§

fn rgb(&self, r: u8, g: u8, b: u8) -> Painted<&T>

Returns self with the fg() set to [Color :: Rgb].

§Example
println!("{}", value.rgb(r, g, b));
§

fn black(&self) -> Painted<&T>

Returns self with the fg() set to [Color :: Black].

§Example
println!("{}", value.black());
§

fn red(&self) -> Painted<&T>

Returns self with the fg() set to [Color :: Red].

§Example
println!("{}", value.red());
§

fn green(&self) -> Painted<&T>

Returns self with the fg() set to [Color :: Green].

§Example
println!("{}", value.green());
§

fn yellow(&self) -> Painted<&T>

Returns self with the fg() set to [Color :: Yellow].

§Example
println!("{}", value.yellow());
§

fn blue(&self) -> Painted<&T>

Returns self with the fg() set to [Color :: Blue].

§Example
println!("{}", value.blue());
§

fn magenta(&self) -> Painted<&T>

Returns self with the fg() set to [Color :: Magenta].

§Example
println!("{}", value.magenta());
§

fn cyan(&self) -> Painted<&T>

Returns self with the fg() set to [Color :: Cyan].

§Example
println!("{}", value.cyan());
§

fn white(&self) -> Painted<&T>

Returns self with the fg() set to [Color :: White].

§Example
println!("{}", value.white());
§

fn bright_black(&self) -> Painted<&T>

Returns self with the fg() set to [Color :: BrightBlack].

§Example
println!("{}", value.bright_black());
§

fn bright_red(&self) -> Painted<&T>

Returns self with the fg() set to [Color :: BrightRed].

§Example
println!("{}", value.bright_red());
§

fn bright_green(&self) -> Painted<&T>

Returns self with the fg() set to [Color :: BrightGreen].

§Example
println!("{}", value.bright_green());
§

fn bright_yellow(&self) -> Painted<&T>

Returns self with the fg() set to [Color :: BrightYellow].

§Example
println!("{}", value.bright_yellow());
§

fn bright_blue(&self) -> Painted<&T>

Returns self with the fg() set to [Color :: BrightBlue].

§Example
println!("{}", value.bright_blue());
§

fn bright_magenta(&self) -> Painted<&T>

Returns self with the fg() set to [Color :: BrightMagenta].

§Example
println!("{}", value.bright_magenta());
§

fn bright_cyan(&self) -> Painted<&T>

Returns self with the fg() set to [Color :: BrightCyan].

§Example
println!("{}", value.bright_cyan());
§

fn bright_white(&self) -> Painted<&T>

Returns self with the fg() set to [Color :: BrightWhite].

§Example
println!("{}", value.bright_white());
§

fn bg(&self, value: Color) -> Painted<&T>

Returns a styled value derived from self with the background set to value.

This method should be used rarely. Instead, prefer to use color-specific builder methods like on_red() and on_green(), which have the same functionality but are pithier.

§Example

Set background color to red using fg():

use yansi::{Paint, Color};

painted.bg(Color::Red);

Set background color to red using on_red().

use yansi::Paint;

painted.on_red();
§

fn on_primary(&self) -> Painted<&T>

Returns self with the bg() set to [Color :: Primary].

§Example
println!("{}", value.on_primary());
§

fn on_fixed(&self, color: u8) -> Painted<&T>

Returns self with the bg() set to [Color :: Fixed].

§Example
println!("{}", value.on_fixed(color));
§

fn on_rgb(&self, r: u8, g: u8, b: u8) -> Painted<&T>

Returns self with the bg() set to [Color :: Rgb].

§Example
println!("{}", value.on_rgb(r, g, b));
§

fn on_black(&self) -> Painted<&T>

Returns self with the bg() set to [Color :: Black].

§Example
println!("{}", value.on_black());
§

fn on_red(&self) -> Painted<&T>

Returns self with the bg() set to [Color :: Red].

§Example
println!("{}", value.on_red());
§

fn on_green(&self) -> Painted<&T>

Returns self with the bg() set to [Color :: Green].

§Example
println!("{}", value.on_green());
§

fn on_yellow(&self) -> Painted<&T>

Returns self with the bg() set to [Color :: Yellow].

§Example
println!("{}", value.on_yellow());
§

fn on_blue(&self) -> Painted<&T>

Returns self with the bg() set to [Color :: Blue].

§Example
println!("{}", value.on_blue());
§

fn on_magenta(&self) -> Painted<&T>

Returns self with the bg() set to [Color :: Magenta].

§Example
println!("{}", value.on_magenta());
§

fn on_cyan(&self) -> Painted<&T>

Returns self with the bg() set to [Color :: Cyan].

§Example
println!("{}", value.on_cyan());
§

fn on_white(&self) -> Painted<&T>

Returns self with the bg() set to [Color :: White].

§Example
println!("{}", value.on_white());
§

fn on_bright_black(&self) -> Painted<&T>

Returns self with the bg() set to [Color :: BrightBlack].

§Example
println!("{}", value.on_bright_black());
§

fn on_bright_red(&self) -> Painted<&T>

Returns self with the bg() set to [Color :: BrightRed].

§Example
println!("{}", value.on_bright_red());
§

fn on_bright_green(&self) -> Painted<&T>

Returns self with the bg() set to [Color :: BrightGreen].

§Example
println!("{}", value.on_bright_green());
§

fn on_bright_yellow(&self) -> Painted<&T>

Returns self with the bg() set to [Color :: BrightYellow].

§Example
println!("{}", value.on_bright_yellow());
§

fn on_bright_blue(&self) -> Painted<&T>

Returns self with the bg() set to [Color :: BrightBlue].

§Example
println!("{}", value.on_bright_blue());
§

fn on_bright_magenta(&self) -> Painted<&T>

Returns self with the bg() set to [Color :: BrightMagenta].

§Example
println!("{}", value.on_bright_magenta());
§

fn on_bright_cyan(&self) -> Painted<&T>

Returns self with the bg() set to [Color :: BrightCyan].

§Example
println!("{}", value.on_bright_cyan());
§

fn on_bright_white(&self) -> Painted<&T>

Returns self with the bg() set to [Color :: BrightWhite].

§Example
println!("{}", value.on_bright_white());
§

fn attr(&self, value: Attribute) -> Painted<&T>

Enables the styling [Attribute] value.

This method should be used rarely. Instead, prefer to use attribute-specific builder methods like bold() and underline(), which have the same functionality but are pithier.

§Example

Make text bold using attr():

use yansi::{Paint, Attribute};

painted.attr(Attribute::Bold);

Make text bold using using bold().

use yansi::Paint;

painted.bold();
§

fn bold(&self) -> Painted<&T>

Returns self with the attr() set to [Attribute :: Bold].

§Example
println!("{}", value.bold());
§

fn dim(&self) -> Painted<&T>

Returns self with the attr() set to [Attribute :: Dim].

§Example
println!("{}", value.dim());
§

fn italic(&self) -> Painted<&T>

Returns self with the attr() set to [Attribute :: Italic].

§Example
println!("{}", value.italic());
§

fn underline(&self) -> Painted<&T>

Returns self with the attr() set to [Attribute :: Underline].

§Example
println!("{}", value.underline());

Returns self with the attr() set to [Attribute :: Blink].

§Example
println!("{}", value.blink());

Returns self with the attr() set to [Attribute :: RapidBlink].

§Example
println!("{}", value.rapid_blink());
§

fn invert(&self) -> Painted<&T>

Returns self with the attr() set to [Attribute :: Invert].

§Example
println!("{}", value.invert());
§

fn conceal(&self) -> Painted<&T>

Returns self with the attr() set to [Attribute :: Conceal].

§Example
println!("{}", value.conceal());
§

fn strike(&self) -> Painted<&T>

Returns self with the attr() set to [Attribute :: Strike].

§Example
println!("{}", value.strike());
§

fn quirk(&self, value: Quirk) -> Painted<&T>

Enables the yansi [Quirk] value.

This method should be used rarely. Instead, prefer to use quirk-specific builder methods like mask() and wrap(), which have the same functionality but are pithier.

§Example

Enable wrapping using .quirk():

use yansi::{Paint, Quirk};

painted.quirk(Quirk::Wrap);

Enable wrapping using wrap().

use yansi::Paint;

painted.wrap();
§

fn mask(&self) -> Painted<&T>

Returns self with the quirk() set to [Quirk :: Mask].

§Example
println!("{}", value.mask());
§

fn wrap(&self) -> Painted<&T>

Returns self with the quirk() set to [Quirk :: Wrap].

§Example
println!("{}", value.wrap());
§

fn linger(&self) -> Painted<&T>

Returns self with the quirk() set to [Quirk :: Linger].

§Example
println!("{}", value.linger());
§

fn clear(&self) -> Painted<&T>

👎Deprecated since 1.0.1: renamed to resetting() due to conflicts with Vec::clear(). The clear() method will be removed in a future release.

Returns self with the quirk() set to [Quirk :: Clear].

§Example
println!("{}", value.clear());
§

fn resetting(&self) -> Painted<&T>

Returns self with the quirk() set to [Quirk :: Resetting].

§Example
println!("{}", value.resetting());
§

fn bright(&self) -> Painted<&T>

Returns self with the quirk() set to [Quirk :: Bright].

§Example
println!("{}", value.bright());
§

fn on_bright(&self) -> Painted<&T>

Returns self with the quirk() set to [Quirk :: OnBright].

§Example
println!("{}", value.on_bright());
§

fn whenever(&self, value: Condition) -> Painted<&T>

Conditionally enable styling based on whether the [Condition] value applies. Replaces any previous condition.

See the crate level docs for more details.

§Example

Enable styling painted only when both stdout and stderr are TTYs:

use yansi::{Paint, Condition};

painted.red().on_yellow().whenever(Condition::STDOUTERR_ARE_TTY);
§

fn new(self) -> Painted<Self>
where Self: Sized,

Create a new [Painted] with a default [Style]. Read more
§

fn paint<S>(&self, style: S) -> Painted<&Self>
where S: Into<Style>,

Apply a style wholesale to self. Any previous style is replaced. Read more
§

impl<T> Pipe for T
where T: ?Sized,

§

fn pipe<R>(self, func: impl FnOnce(Self) -> R) -> R
where Self: Sized,

Pipes by value. This is generally the method you want to use. Read more
§

fn pipe_ref<'a, R>(&'a self, func: impl FnOnce(&'a Self) -> R) -> R
where R: 'a,

Borrows self and passes that borrow into the pipe function. Read more
§

fn pipe_ref_mut<'a, R>(&'a mut self, func: impl FnOnce(&'a mut Self) -> R) -> R
where R: 'a,

Mutably borrows self and passes that borrow into the pipe function. Read more
§

fn pipe_borrow<'a, B, R>(&'a self, func: impl FnOnce(&'a B) -> R) -> R
where Self: Borrow<B>, B: 'a + ?Sized, R: 'a,

Borrows self, then passes self.borrow() into the pipe function. Read more
§

fn pipe_borrow_mut<'a, B, R>( &'a mut self, func: impl FnOnce(&'a mut B) -> R, ) -> R
where Self: BorrowMut<B>, B: 'a + ?Sized, R: 'a,

Mutably borrows self, then passes self.borrow_mut() into the pipe function. Read more
§

fn pipe_as_ref<'a, U, R>(&'a self, func: impl FnOnce(&'a U) -> R) -> R
where Self: AsRef<U>, U: 'a + ?Sized, R: 'a,

Borrows self, then passes self.as_ref() into the pipe function.
§

fn pipe_as_mut<'a, U, R>(&'a mut self, func: impl FnOnce(&'a mut U) -> R) -> R
where Self: AsMut<U>, U: 'a + ?Sized, R: 'a,

Mutably borrows self, then passes self.as_mut() into the pipe function.
§

fn pipe_deref<'a, T, R>(&'a self, func: impl FnOnce(&'a T) -> R) -> R
where Self: Deref<Target = T>, T: 'a + ?Sized, R: 'a,

Borrows self, then passes self.deref() into the pipe function.
§

fn pipe_deref_mut<'a, T, R>( &'a mut self, func: impl FnOnce(&'a mut T) -> R, ) -> R
where Self: DerefMut<Target = T> + Deref, T: 'a + ?Sized, R: 'a,

Mutably borrows self, then passes self.deref_mut() into the pipe function.
§

impl<T> Pointable for T

§

const ALIGN: usize

The alignment of pointer.
§

type Init = T

The type for initializers.
§

unsafe fn init(init: <T as Pointable>::Init) -> usize

Initializes a with the given initializer. Read more
§

unsafe fn deref<'a>(ptr: usize) -> &'a T

Dereferences the given pointer. Read more
§

unsafe fn deref_mut<'a>(ptr: usize) -> &'a mut T

Mutably dereferences the given pointer. Read more
§

unsafe fn drop(ptr: usize)

Drops the object pointed to by the given pointer. Read more
§

impl<T> PolicyExt for T
where T: ?Sized,

§

fn and<P, B, E>(self, other: P) -> And<T, P>
where T: Policy<B, E>, P: Policy<B, E>,

Create a new Policy that returns [Action::Follow] only if self and other return Action::Follow. Read more
§

fn or<P, B, E>(self, other: P) -> Or<T, P>
where T: Policy<B, E>, P: Policy<B, E>,

Create a new Policy that returns [Action::Follow] if either self or other returns Action::Follow. Read more
Source§

impl<T> Same for T

Source§

type Output = T

Should always be Self
§

impl<T> ServiceExt for T

§

fn propagate_header(self, header: HeaderName) -> PropagateHeader<Self>
where Self: Sized,

Propagate a header from the request to the response. Read more
§

fn add_extension<T>(self, value: T) -> AddExtension<Self, T>
where Self: Sized,

Add some shareable value to request extensions. Read more
§

fn map_request_body<F>(self, f: F) -> MapRequestBody<Self, F>
where Self: Sized,

Apply a transformation to the request body. Read more
§

fn map_response_body<F>(self, f: F) -> MapResponseBody<Self, F>
where Self: Sized,

Apply a transformation to the response body. Read more
§

fn compression(self) -> Compression<Self>
where Self: Sized,

Compresses response bodies. Read more
§

fn decompression(self) -> Decompression<Self>
where Self: Sized,

Decompress response bodies. Read more
§

fn trace_for_http(self) -> Trace<Self, SharedClassifier<ServerErrorsAsFailures>>
where Self: Sized,

High level tracing that classifies responses using HTTP status codes. Read more
§

fn trace_for_grpc(self) -> Trace<Self, SharedClassifier<GrpcErrorsAsFailures>>
where Self: Sized,

High level tracing that classifies responses using gRPC headers. Read more
§

fn follow_redirects(self) -> FollowRedirect<Self>
where Self: Sized,

Follow redirect resposes using the Standard policy. Read more
§

fn sensitive_headers( self, headers: impl IntoIterator<Item = HeaderName>, ) -> SetSensitiveRequestHeaders<SetSensitiveResponseHeaders<Self>>
where Self: Sized,

Mark headers as sensitive on both requests and responses. Read more
§

fn sensitive_request_headers( self, headers: impl IntoIterator<Item = HeaderName>, ) -> SetSensitiveRequestHeaders<Self>
where Self: Sized,

Mark headers as sensitive on requests. Read more
§

fn sensitive_response_headers( self, headers: impl IntoIterator<Item = HeaderName>, ) -> SetSensitiveResponseHeaders<Self>
where Self: Sized,

Mark headers as sensitive on responses. Read more
§

fn override_request_header<M>( self, header_name: HeaderName, make: M, ) -> SetRequestHeader<Self, M>
where Self: Sized,

Insert a header into the request. Read more
§

fn append_request_header<M>( self, header_name: HeaderName, make: M, ) -> SetRequestHeader<Self, M>
where Self: Sized,

Append a header into the request. Read more
§

fn insert_request_header_if_not_present<M>( self, header_name: HeaderName, make: M, ) -> SetRequestHeader<Self, M>
where Self: Sized,

Insert a header into the request, if the header is not already present. Read more
§

fn override_response_header<M>( self, header_name: HeaderName, make: M, ) -> SetResponseHeader<Self, M>
where Self: Sized,

Insert a header into the response. Read more
§

fn append_response_header<M>( self, header_name: HeaderName, make: M, ) -> SetResponseHeader<Self, M>
where Self: Sized,

Append a header into the response. Read more
§

fn insert_response_header_if_not_present<M>( self, header_name: HeaderName, make: M, ) -> SetResponseHeader<Self, M>
where Self: Sized,

Insert a header into the response, if the header is not already present. Read more
§

fn set_request_id<M>( self, header_name: HeaderName, make_request_id: M, ) -> SetRequestId<Self, M>
where Self: Sized, M: MakeRequestId,

Add request id header and extension. Read more
§

fn set_x_request_id<M>(self, make_request_id: M) -> SetRequestId<Self, M>
where Self: Sized, M: MakeRequestId,

Add request id header and extension, using x-request-id as the header name. Read more
§

fn propagate_request_id( self, header_name: HeaderName, ) -> PropagateRequestId<Self>
where Self: Sized,

Propgate request ids from requests to responses. Read more
§

fn propagate_x_request_id(self) -> PropagateRequestId<Self>
where Self: Sized,

Propgate request ids from requests to responses, using x-request-id as the header name. Read more
§

fn catch_panic(self) -> CatchPanic<Self, DefaultResponseForPanic>
where Self: Sized,

Catch panics and convert them into 500 Internal Server responses. Read more
§

fn request_body_limit(self, limit: usize) -> RequestBodyLimit<Self>
where Self: Sized,

Intercept requests with over-sized payloads and convert them into 413 Payload Too Large responses. Read more
§

fn trim_trailing_slash(self) -> NormalizePath<Self>
where Self: Sized,

Remove trailing slashes from paths. Read more
§

fn append_trailing_slash(self) -> NormalizePath<Self>
where Self: Sized,

Append trailing slash to paths. Read more
§

impl<T> Tap for T

§

fn tap(self, func: impl FnOnce(&Self)) -> Self

Immutable access to a value. Read more
§

fn tap_mut(self, func: impl FnOnce(&mut Self)) -> Self

Mutable access to a value. Read more
§

fn tap_borrow<B>(self, func: impl FnOnce(&B)) -> Self
where Self: Borrow<B>, B: ?Sized,

Immutable access to the Borrow<B> of a value. Read more
§

fn tap_borrow_mut<B>(self, func: impl FnOnce(&mut B)) -> Self
where Self: BorrowMut<B>, B: ?Sized,

Mutable access to the BorrowMut<B> of a value. Read more
§

fn tap_ref<R>(self, func: impl FnOnce(&R)) -> Self
where Self: AsRef<R>, R: ?Sized,

Immutable access to the AsRef<R> view of a value. Read more
§

fn tap_ref_mut<R>(self, func: impl FnOnce(&mut R)) -> Self
where Self: AsMut<R>, R: ?Sized,

Mutable access to the AsMut<R> view of a value. Read more
§

fn tap_deref<T>(self, func: impl FnOnce(&T)) -> Self
where Self: Deref<Target = T>, T: ?Sized,

Immutable access to the Deref::Target of a value. Read more
§

fn tap_deref_mut<T>(self, func: impl FnOnce(&mut T)) -> Self
where Self: DerefMut<Target = T> + Deref, T: ?Sized,

Mutable access to the Deref::Target of a value. Read more
§

fn tap_dbg(self, func: impl FnOnce(&Self)) -> Self

Calls .tap() only in debug builds, and is erased in release builds.
§

fn tap_mut_dbg(self, func: impl FnOnce(&mut Self)) -> Self

Calls .tap_mut() only in debug builds, and is erased in release builds.
§

fn tap_borrow_dbg<B>(self, func: impl FnOnce(&B)) -> Self
where Self: Borrow<B>, B: ?Sized,

Calls .tap_borrow() only in debug builds, and is erased in release builds.
§

fn tap_borrow_mut_dbg<B>(self, func: impl FnOnce(&mut B)) -> Self
where Self: BorrowMut<B>, B: ?Sized,

Calls .tap_borrow_mut() only in debug builds, and is erased in release builds.
§

fn tap_ref_dbg<R>(self, func: impl FnOnce(&R)) -> Self
where Self: AsRef<R>, R: ?Sized,

Calls .tap_ref() only in debug builds, and is erased in release builds.
§

fn tap_ref_mut_dbg<R>(self, func: impl FnOnce(&mut R)) -> Self
where Self: AsMut<R>, R: ?Sized,

Calls .tap_ref_mut() only in debug builds, and is erased in release builds.
§

fn tap_deref_dbg<T>(self, func: impl FnOnce(&T)) -> Self
where Self: Deref<Target = T>, T: ?Sized,

Calls .tap_deref() only in debug builds, and is erased in release builds.
§

fn tap_deref_mut_dbg<T>(self, func: impl FnOnce(&mut T)) -> Self
where Self: DerefMut<Target = T> + Deref, T: ?Sized,

Calls .tap_deref_mut() only in debug builds, and is erased in release builds.
Source§

impl<T> ToOwned for T
where T: Clone,

Source§

type Owned = T

The resulting type after obtaining ownership.
Source§

fn to_owned(&self) -> T

Creates owned data from borrowed data, usually by cloning. Read more
Source§

fn clone_into(&self, target: &mut T)

Uses borrowed data to replace owned data, usually by cloning. Read more
§

impl<T> TryClone for T
where T: Clone,

§

fn try_clone(&self) -> Result<T, Error>

Clones self, possibly returning an error.
§

impl<T> TryConv for T

§

fn try_conv<T>(self) -> Result<T, Self::Error>
where Self: TryInto<T>,

Attempts to convert self into T using TryInto<T>. Read more
Source§

impl<T, U> TryFrom<U> for T
where U: Into<T>,

Source§

type Error = Infallible

The type returned in the event of a conversion error.
Source§

fn try_from(value: U) -> Result<T, <T as TryFrom<U>>::Error>

Performs the conversion.
Source§

impl<T, U> TryInto<U> for T
where U: TryFrom<T>,

Source§

type Error = <U as TryFrom<T>>::Error

The type returned in the event of a conversion error.
Source§

fn try_into(self) -> Result<U, <U as TryFrom<T>>::Error>

Performs the conversion.
§

impl<V, T> VZip<V> for T
where V: MultiLane<T>,

§

fn vzip(self) -> V

§

impl<T> WithSubscriber for T

§

fn with_subscriber<S>(self, subscriber: S) -> WithDispatch<Self>
where S: Into<Dispatch>,

Attaches the provided Subscriber to this type, returning a [WithDispatch] wrapper. Read more
§

fn with_current_subscriber(self) -> WithDispatch<Self>

Attaches the current default Subscriber to this type, returning a [WithDispatch] wrapper. Read more
Source§

impl<T> WithSubscriber for T

Source§

fn with_subscriber<S>(self, subscriber: S) -> WithDispatch<Self>
where S: Into<Dispatch>,

Attaches the provided Subscriber to this type, returning a WithDispatch wrapper. Read more
Source§

fn with_current_subscriber(self) -> WithDispatch<Self>

Attaches the current default Subscriber to this type, returning a WithDispatch wrapper. Read more
§

impl<A> ArbInterop for A
where A: for<'a> Arbitrary<'a> + 'static + Debug + Clone,

§

impl<'de, T> BorrowedRpcObject<'de> for T
where T: RpcBorrow<'de> + RpcSend,

Source§

impl<T> DeserializeOwned for T
where T: for<'de> Deserialize<'de>,

§

impl<T> ErasedDestructor for T
where T: 'static,

§

impl<T> ErasedDestructor for T
where T: 'static,

§

impl<T> MaybeDebug for T
where T: Debug,

§

impl<T> MaybeSend for T
where T: Send,

§

impl<T> MaybeSendSync for T

§

impl<T> MaybeSerde for T
where T: Serialize + for<'de> Deserialize<'de>,

§

impl<T> NippyJarHeader for T
where T: Send + Sync + Serialize + for<'b> Deserialize<'b> + Debug + 'static,

§

impl<'de, T> RpcBorrow<'de> for T
where T: Deserialize<'de> + Debug + Send + Sync + Unpin,

§

impl<T> RpcObject for T
where T: RpcSend + RpcRecv,

§

impl<T> RpcRecv for T
where T: DeserializeOwned + Debug + Send + Sync + Unpin + 'static,

§

impl<T> RpcSend for T
where T: Serialize + Clone + Debug + Send + Sync + Unpin,

Layout§

Note: Most layout information is completely unstable and may even differ between compilations. The only exception is types with certain repr(...) attributes. Please see the Rust Reference's “Type Layout” chapter for details on type layout guarantees.

Size: 40 bytes